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Off the Record

A forum for an exchange of opinions managed by editorial writer Doug Clark.

October 15, 2009

Italians pay protection money in Afghanistan

Are NATO forces in Afghanistan trying to defeat the Taliban, or pay them off?

The Italians chose the payoff option, with disastrous results for NATO partners, The Times of London reports.

With allies like the Italians, no wonder it's been so hard to make progress in Afghanistan.

October 14, 2009

Big goal for UNC

Morgan reports a huge policy initiative adopted by the UNC Board of Governors Friday.

(Although apparently not huge enough for the UNC system to include in its "latest university news" on its Web site.)

I hope there will be much more explanation forthcoming from Chapel Hill.

The goal of achieving "carbon neutrality" within four decades sounds farsighted, but who really knows what it means?

The public needs to have some idea of

1) how much that will cost

2) what impact it will have on the university system's constitutional mandate to provide higher education free of charge (to the extent "practicable") to the people of the state, and

3) what achieving such a goal would accomplish.

Something like a cost-benefit analysis.

According to the story, this will require the system to either generate no carbon dioxide emissions or "offset emissions with carbon storage projects."

The first option is impossible.

The second is promising -- it's strongly endorsed by U.S. Energy Secretary Steven Chu -- but a long way from reality on the scale needed.

Normally, the claim of carbon neutrality is based on the purchase of carbon offsets -- planting trees in sufficient numbers to suck up an equivalent quantity of CO2, for example -- but that's of questionable reliability. Planting a million trees is one thing; assuring they all grow to maturity and realize their full CO2-absorbing potential is another matter.

The last thing the UNC system should want to do is spend of lot of students' and taxpayers' money -- when the cost of higher education already stretches state and personal budgets -- for questionable results.

Of course, all public and private institutions should seek to reduce waste and pursue sustainability through prudent energy use, conservation, better technology and so on. But, if the utopian goal of carbon neutrality is reached by 2050, will doing so even have an impact on climate?

Well, at least  we've got our best minds on it. Right?

October 13, 2009

Economists like Wal-Mart

So says a survey conducted by Robert Whaples, professor of economics at Wake Forst University.

"As Wal-Mart continues to encounter opposition to new stores in New York and other major cities, a survey of American economists shows that three out of four are fans of the retail giant," a university news release reports. "According to the survey, 72 percent of economists agreed or strongly agreed with the statement, 'A Wal-Mart store typically generates more benefits to society than costs.' ”

Here's the full survey in Econ Journal Watch. It was actually conducted two years ago, but perceptions of Wal-Mart's benefits may have even strengthened since the economy tanked.

Just under 15 percent of 136 economists responding to the survey disagreed or strongly disagreed with the statement about Wal-Mart's benefits.

The next question asked whether a casino generates more benefits to society than costs. 53 percent said no, with 30 percent neutral on that one. 

There were other interesting results. More than 80 percent of economists said the U.S. should eliminate remaining tariffs and trade barrier; more than 70 percent said employers should not be required to provide health benefits for all employees; more than 70 percent said the U.S. should allow payments to organ donors and their families; and 55 percent said government subsidies for ethanol should be eliminated.

These economists might find that the majority of our elected leaders in Washington disagree with them across the board.

Health insurance and women

The health care disparity attacked by Kay Hagan and other women senators last week touches on interesting issues about insurance.

Here's our editorial today ... and Mark's blog entry, including a video of Hagan's remarks on the Senate floor.

Through their child-bearing years, women pay more for individual health insurance coverage (not group coverage obtained through their employer).

The senators demand equal coverage for equal premiums, which they say health-care reform legislation will deliver.

The question is whether it's really equal coverage.

In North Carolina, there are many more coverage mandates for female-specific services than for male-specific services. These include post-mastectomy care, minimum hospital stays for childbirth, bone mass measurement tests, ovarian cancer surveillance testing, contraceptives, mammograms and cervical cancer screenings and reconstructive breast surgery following mastectomy.

These are good policies, but mandated care costs money, making women more expensive to insure than men at certain stages of life.

If insurance companies are prohibited from charging them more, then the costs will have to be spread among a greater population -- in this case men.

Because men cost more to insure in their later years, and are often charged more for insurance, maybe it will all even out in the long run if gender differentiation is eliminated. (No one I'm aware of is proposing elimination of age differentiation.)

As noted in the editorial, differentiation based on risk comes into play across the insurance spectrum. It can be geographical, affecting homeowners or even auto insurance. It can be behavioral. If you drive more, your insurance company can charge you more for auto, although it also might give you a break if you have a safe driving record. It can have to do with age -- teenage drivers pay more, but the elderly pay more for life insurance. So do men, generally, because they don't live as long as women. Maybe the Senate's male members should attack that "discriminatory" practice.

I think some of this effort by the women senators is political. If they frame health-care reform as a women's issue, they may build more support for it.

Where insurance practices are arbitrary or discriminatory, they should be corrected. Or Congress can prohibit differentiation by law. If it does, some who currently pay more will pay less. But some who currently pay less most likely will end up paying more. It's important to be upfront about that.

October 12, 2009

Mug shots

I don't know about yours, but my driver's license photo makes me look like someone on a wanted poster.

So I'm not sure this is such a good idea.

The cost of health-care reform

The study by PriceWaterhouseCoopers, commissioned by the insurance industry and contending that average families will pay thousands more for medical coverage under legislation proposed by Congress, shouldn't necessarily be accepted at face value.

But it surely ought to give pause to anyone who really believes we can come out of Washington-directed health-care reform with better coverage for less cost.

It seems to me the best way to save money is to cut down on unnecessary tests and medical procedures. Then improve overall wellness through better lifestyle choices. Both require a change in American culture. 

Michael Dell is still getting by

What a relief to see that Michael Dell is still worth $14.5 billion, No. 13 on the Forbes list of wealthiest Americans.

Duke steps up

Duke's strong win over N.C. State Saturday moves the Blue Devils up in this week's rankings and puts them in solid contention for the Big Four title.

State fails to defend its 2008 Big Four championship.

Wake retains our top spot, followed by Carolina and Elon.

East Carolina drops below Appalachian State even though the Pirates defeated the Mountaineers in the season opener at Greenville. But App was short-handed then, and our poll believes the Mountaineers would win a rematch on a neutral field or in Boone in December.

Gardner-Webb and N.C. A&T stumble but still hold their places.

Tarheel Top Ten

1. Wake Forest, 4-2 (No. 1 last week)

2. UNC, 4-2 (3)

3. Elon, 5-1 (5)

4. Duke, 3-3 (7)

5. N.C. State, 3-3 (2)

6. Appalachian, 3-2 (6)

7. East Carolina, 3-3 (4)

8. Gardner-Webb, 3-2 (8)

9. N.C. A&T, 3-3 (9)

10. UNC-Pembroke, 6-1 (10)

Big Four

Duke, 1-0

Wake, 1-0

UNC, 0-0

State, 0-2

October 10, 2009

Taste of Tanzania, or the rooster that came for dinner but didn't leave

Andrew's friend Kajuna, a teacher at Kongei Secondary School, offered to fix a chicken dinner for us our last night there. Great!

We were staying with PCVs John and Randee Edmundson in the house Andrew occupied during his Peace Corps service 2006-07. Thanks to Randee, it's much more attractively furnished and decorated now.

One feature is its enclosed courtyard between the residential quarters and the storage room, kitchen and bathroom area.

The bathroom actually is divided into three spaces -- one with a squat toilet, one for taking bucket baths and one with a sink.

There's also a sink in the courtyard. There's no running water in the house itself.

It's necessary to boil water before drinking, but washing with it is fine as long as you don't expect hot water. You might, though, because it's chilly at night up there in the Usambara Mountains. In that case, you can add some heated water to your bucket.

The house has electricity, an improvement from Andrew's time. It makes a big difference, and John says the cost is less than burning kerosine lamps.

The courtyard is a great place to sit in the evening. One of the main attractions is gazing at the sky, so bright with stars thanks to the clean air and lack of lights in this rural area.

We were there during the equinox, and because we were also near the equator, Jupiter rose to a position straight overhead.

We were in the courthouse waiting for Kajuna and the promised chicken dinner as it grew dark and cool and close to 7 p.m. Andrew and I needed an early start the next day for our journey by bus back to Dar es Salaam.

Finally, he arrived ... with a rooster.

Not a happy one.

It had reason to kick up a fuss because, before long, Kajuna had cut its throat, soaked it, plucked it, gutted it, dismembered it and thrown all its parts into a pot ... all there in the courtyard as we observed the proceedings.

The pot actually was a pressure cooker that Andrew had purchased and left for the Edmundsons.

It made all the difference.

Chickens over there are rangy and tough. They need a lot of cooking, particularly when the parts being cooked include the head, feet ... well, everything. Waste not.

Throw in some potatoes, carrots, a bit of spice and what comes out after an hour of pressure cooking is going to be tender, finger-lickin' chicken.

We ate well, if not fancy, during our visit. Staples include rice (you can jazz it up by cooking it in coconut milk) and a cornmeal concoction called ugali that's kinda sorta like grits. It's not very appetizing plain, but add a tomatoey sauce and it's better.

By the way, check out this cool blog -- A Taste of Tanzania. Here's an entry about ugali.

John and Randee get regular deliveries of eggs and milk (which they have to boil); John buys coffee from a nearby priest, and they eat a lot of fruits and vegetables, including papaya, tangerines, tomatoes, cucumbers, carrots and potatoes. For breakfast, Randee fixes a millet porridge that's  tasty and nourishing. John still dreams of Eskimo Pies, but you can't have everything.

Dar es Salaam, meanwhile, offers a variety of ethnic restaurants, as you'd expect in any large city these days.

Although, come to think of it, I never saw a Mexican place. Surely, there's a great opportunity.

Andrew and I ate at a couple of restaurants that were favorites of his from his previous visits to Dar, one Lebanese and the other Chinese.

In deference to Muslim sensibilities (and Dar is a city where the call to prayer rings out through loudspeakers several times a day, starting at 5 a.m.), no alcohol was served at the Lebanese restaurant -- a shame because my dish was really spicy.

Not that it's hard to find a drink in town. There are plenty of bars, and some casinos if you want to gamble a few hundred thousand shillings (not me). Depending on the watering hole, you can find beer, liquor or wine from around the world. I might not trust local liquors, but some of the beer is good enough, like Ndovu, which is brewed in Dar with Czech hops.

If you're going nonalcoholic, you can do well with tea, coffee and fruit juices. I had a blend of mango/papaya juice for breakfast our first morning in Dar, which was quite nice. And I like Tanzanian coffee so well that I order it here.

Otherwise, you can go with soft drinks (Coke brands dominate) and bottled water.

When you order any drink in a restaurant (except tea, coffee or fruit juice), it's customary for the server to open the bottle in your presence to assure you it hasn't been tampered with. Tea and coffee, of course, are safe to drink but you're probably taking some risk with the fruit juice.

One food that isn't common, because of the large Muslim population, is pork. Kajuna, Andrew and I set out from Kongei one day to find a place that might prepare some for us, with John planning to join us there.

Our first stop, a restaurant/lodge in Soni, was negative, but the proprietor of a place down the road was able to accommodate us. Within an hour or so, we had a first-rate feast of rice, tomatoes and cucumbers and pork and other vegetables in a sauce spiced with bits of red-hot chili peppers served by a young woman wearing a Barack Obama T-shirt.

It was a fine meal, and we never heard a squeal.

Snowballs

Baseball weather in Denver?

Not hardly.

Phillies and Rockies will try again tomorrow, when a big warmup (to the 50s) is expected.

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